US Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT)

The US Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) was a standardized fitness assessment used by the United States Army to evaluate the physical readiness of its soldiers. The test consisted of three primary components that assessed cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, and overall fitness. In recent years, the APFT has been replaced by the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) to provide a more comprehensive and combat-focused evaluation of physical readiness.

Components of the APFT

1. Push-Ups

• Purpose: To measure upper body muscular strength and endurance.
• Procedure: Soldiers performed as many push-ups as possible in 2 minutes. Only properly executed push-ups were counted, maintaining proper form.

2. Sit-Ups

• Purpose: To evaluate core muscular strength and endurance.
• Procedure: Soldiers completed as many sit-ups as possible in 2 minutes, with the feet anchored and knees bent at a 90-degree angle.

3. Two-Mile Run

• Purpose: To assess cardiovascular endurance and stamina.
• Procedure: Soldiers ran 2 miles on a flat and measured course in the shortest time possible. The time was recorded in minutes and seconds.

Scoring the APFT

• The test was scored on a scale of 0 to 300 points, with each event contributing a maximum of 100 points.
• Scores were based on performance benchmarks determined by age and gender.
• Soldiers were required to achieve a minimum passing score in each event to meet the Army’s fitness standards.

Transition to the ACFT

The APFT was replaced by the Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) in 2020 to better align with the physical demands of modern combat. The ACFT includes six events:

1. Three-Repetition Maximum Deadlift
2. Standing Power Throw
3. Hand-Release Push-Ups
4. Sprint-Drag-Carry
5. Leg Tuck or Plank
6. Two-Mile Run

The ACFT is considered more comprehensive as it assesses a broader range of physical capabilities, including functional fitness and combat readiness.

Significance of the APFT

1. Fitness Evaluation: The APFT ensured soldiers maintained a baseline level of physical fitness to meet the demands of their duties.
2. Readiness Assessment: It helped evaluate the preparedness of soldiers for deployment and training.
3. Performance Monitoring: The test provided a method to monitor individual and unit fitness levels over time.
4. Promotions and Retention: Performance in the APFT was often a criterion for promotions, awards, and continued service in the Army.

Conclusion

The US Army Physical Fitness Test was a foundational assessment tool used for decades to evaluate the physical fitness of soldiers. While it was eventually replaced by the ACFT, the APFT played a significant role in maintaining high fitness standards and ensuring the readiness of the US Army. The shift to the ACFT reflects the evolving nature of military fitness requirements, focusing on the physical demands of modern combat scenarios.